Dr. Wader Smitaraje Devendra
Vol. 17, Jan-Jun 2024
Abstract:
The large, unpaired gland endocrine gland in the body is thyroid gland. [1] Different developmental abnormalities can cause distortions in the thyroid gland's shape. An uncommon developmental anomaly is unilateral or bilateral agenesis of one or both thyroid lobes, with or without isthmic agenesis.[2] Thyroid hemi agenesis is rare and right hemi agenesis is considerably rarer.[3] The failure of a thyroid gland lobe's embryonic development is known as thyroid hemiagenesis.[3] Prevalence is unknown but estimated to be 0.02 – 0.2 % [4]. Thyroid hemiagenesis is an uncommon congenital anomaly that was originally documented by Handfield–Jones [4]. 80% of cases include the absence of the left lobe, whereas 20% involve the absence of right lobe (a left to right hemiagenesis ratio of 4:1) [5]. Most cases reported are left thyroid hemiagenesis in female.[6] Compared to left lobe, right lobe hemiagenesis is rare. Thyroid gland is the endocrine gland. Thyroid gland develops mainly from the thyroglossal duct. [2] Various developmental anomalies of the thyroid gland have been reported such as the isthmus may be absent or one of the lobes of gland may be very small or absent,[2] The most uncommon anomalies include agenesis or hemi-agenesis of thyroid lobe and agenesis of isthmus [2]. The anomalies of development of the thyroid gland alter the morphology of the gland and may cause clinical and functional disorder. [7,8] So, knowledge of such rare variations is very useful. The present case report highlights a rare case of Right Thyroid lobe hemiagenesis.
DOI: http://doi.org/10.37648/ijrmst.v17i01.004