Elaf Yousif Yaseen
Vol. 21, Issue 1, Jan-Jun 2026
Abstract:
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive, irreversible disorder characterized by sustained reduction in glomerular filtration rate and/or structural kidney damage, representing a major global public health burden. Its prevalence continues to rise worldwide, driven largely by diabetes, hypertension, population aging, and socioeconomic disparities, with particularly high impact in low- and middle-income countries. CKD progression involves complex pathophysiological mechanisms, including nephron loss, proteinuria, chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, metabolic dysregulation, and endocrine disturbances. Adipose tissue dysfunction and altered adipokine profiles, especially elevated leptin levels due to impaired renal clearance and inflammation, play a significant role in CKD-related metabolic, cardiovascular, and nutritional complications. These systemic effects contribute substantially to morbidity, mortality, and reduced quality of life in affected patients.
DOI: http://doi.org/10.37648/ijrmst.v21i01.007
Disclaimer: Indexing of published papers is subject to the evaluation and acceptance criteria of the respective indexing agencies. While we strive to maintain high academic and editorial standards, International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences and Technology does not guarantee the indexing of any published paper. Acceptance and inclusion in indexing databases are determined by the quality, originality, and relevance of the paper, and are at the sole discretion of the indexing bodies.